Cyber Conflict Study Center

 

Type of Attack

Cyber Crime
The first level of conflict is identified as Cyber crime and ranges from illegal exploration, hacking or other computer intrusions perpetrated by an individual or group with criminal or self-motivated interests and intent.

Hacktivism
The second level of cyber conflict is a relatively new phenomenon identified as "hacktivism" and is politically motivated. Hacktivism is computerized activism and operates in the tradition of non-violent direct action and civil disobedience. It uses the same tactics of trespass and blockade from earlier social movements and applies them to the Internet. The aim of hacktivism is to draw attention to particular issues by engaging in actions that are unusual and will attract some degree of media coverage and possibly affect public or private actions.

Cyber-Espionage
Cyber-espionage is the use of computer hacking in foreign intelligence operations to obtain information or access to foreign computer systems with the intent to commit espionage or have the access to commit state sponsored sabotage when necessary.

Cyber-Terrorism
Cyber-terrorism is the premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data, which result in violence against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.

Cyber-Warfare
Cyber warfare is defined as the —use of computer intrusion techniques and other capabilities against an adversary‘s information-based infrastructure“ to intentionally affect national security or to further operations against national security.

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